The IRS allows for a corporation to be taxed either as a "C corporation" or as
an "S corporation."
C Corporations
A C corporation is taxed at two levels. This is commonly referred to as double
taxation. A C corporation pays a corporate tax on its corporate income (the first
tax). Then, the C corporation distributes profits to stockholders who pay income
tax on those dividends (the second tax).
S Corporations
One way to avoid the double taxation of a C corporation is to make a special election
to be taxed as a S corporation, which is pass-through entity taxed like a partnership
or a sole proprietorship. That way, there is only one level of taxation. The corporate
profits "pass through" to the owners, who pay taxes on the profits at
their individual tax rates.
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